Activation and active labour market policies in OECD countries: stylised facts and evidence on their effectiveness

Martin, John P

doi:10.1186/s40173-015-0032-y

Table 1 Indicators of the intensity of ALMPs, 2007 and 2012

From: Activation and active labour market policies in OECD countries: stylised facts and evidence on their effectiveness

	Public expenditure on ALMPs		Ratio of ALMP spending to passive spending		ALMP spending per unemployed in levels		Participants stocks on ALMPs excluding PES and administraton
	% of GDP		Ratio of ALMP spending to passive spending
			%
			%		Expressed in USD, constant PPP, constant prices, OECD reference year		% of labour force
	2007	2012	2007	2012	2007	2012	2007	2012
Australia	0.31	0.29	76	57	4,992	3,921	1.5	2.3
Austria	0.67	0.75	54	58	10,739	12,151	3.8	3.7
Belgium	0.68	0.81	34	39	6,865	7,982	5.4	6.9
Canada	0.28	0.24	51	41	3,176	2,278	0.6	0.5
Chile	0.11	0.10	0	43	464	528
Czech Republic	0.25	0.26	125	108	2,228	1,774	1.2	1.1
Denmark	1.29	2.10	86	124	22,242	17,307	4.7	6.0
Estonia	0.05	0.29	50	66	417	1,078	0.2	1.0
Finland	0.86	1.03	60	71	8,307	8,512	3.7	4.4
France	0.94	0.90	76	62	8,058	6,237	6.1	5.1
Germany	0.75	0.69	58	70	5,912	8,728	4.0	3.3
Greece	0.15	0.22			1,059	934
Hungary	0.35	0.73	97	174	1,992	2,593	2.3	7.4
Ireland	0.64	0.91	70	34	11,286	4,977	3.1	4.0
Israel	0.19	0.17	31	30	1,348	1,517	4.3	4.5
Italy	0.46	0.45	67	28	5,250	2,631	6.9	4.6
Japan	0.18	0.21	64	62	2,863	2,998
Korea	0.13	0.32	52	107	2,147	5,903
Luxembourg	0.46	0.62	88	95	18,678	18,731	6.2	7.9
Mexico	0.01	0.01			87	63
Netherlands	1.10	0.98	78	51	22,153	12,783	3.4	4.1
New Zealand	0.34	0.29	148	78	4,439	2,150	2.0	2.3
Norway	0.55	0.54	262	154	20,054	15,061	2.3	2.2
Poland	0.50	0.42	98	140	1,889	1,753	3.6	3.6
Portugal	0.51	0.49	49	30	2,550	1,330	3.2	3.4
Slovak Republic	0.22	0.26	61	59	782	790	2.8	3.1
Slovenia	0.20	0.27	67	32	2,130	1,514	3.5	2.8
Spain	0.79	0.89	54	31	5,478	2,202	19.6	11.4
Sweden	1.02	1.33	138	202	10,955	10,988	1.2	1.1
Switzerland	0.55	0.57	98	97	10,429	9,301	1.2	1.2
United Kingdom	0.31	0.41	194	137	4,161	3,461
United States	0.12	0.12	40	30	2,027	1,459
OECD	0.50	0.57	72	67	3,971	3,605	3.6	3.6

Note: The data shown should not be treated as strictly comparable across countries or through time, since data at the level of individual countries in some cases deviate from standard definitions and methods, and certain programmes or programme categories are not always included in the data for participants stocks. See www.oecd.org/els/employment-outlook-statistical-annex.htm, which provides a general introductory note about scope and comparability, tables for expenditure and participants in the main programme categories and subcategories, country-specific notes, and access to the online database.
Source: For European Union countries and Norway, European Commission (2014), Labour Market Policy (http://epp.eurostat.eu.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/labour_market/labour_market_policy) and detailed underlying data supplied to OECD by the European Commission with certain Secretariat adjustments. For other countries: OECD Database on Labour Market Programmes, http://dx/doi.org/10.1787/data-00312-en.
a. Data for Australia, Ireland, Israel, Luxembourg, Poland and Spain refer to 2011; data for Greece and the United Kingdom refer to 2010; and data for Chile refer to 2008.

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