Subsidized work before and after the German Hartz reforms: design of major schemes, evaluation results and lessons learnt

Table 1 Inflow into major German labour market schemes and unemployment stock in Germany since the year 2000 (in thousand)

	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
Subsidized work
Hiring subsidies (without BHI)	152	127	188	183	171	143	234	278	282	277	252	198	153
BHI subsidies	44	50	29
Traditional job creation scheme	264	192	162	141	149	78	83	70	70	11	3	1	0
One-Euro-Jobs						603	796	777	769	723	660	436	343
Wage-paying work opportunities						26	40	41	59	93	80	39	8
JobPerspective								1	25	27	8	3	1
Promotion of employment relationships													4
Other major schemes
Start-up subsidies^a	93	96	125	254	351	265	218	158	144	157	163	145	28
Further vocational training	523	442	455	255	185	132	264	365	463	618	487	305	300
Short-term training	485	551	865	1064	1188	895	28	1087	1202	479
Activation and integration measures^b										1194	1621	1201	1113
Average unemployment stock	3880	3859	4072	4381	4388	4861	4487	3760	3259	3415	3238	2976	2897

^aSum of the inflow into various start-up subsidies: The bridging allowance (“Überbrückungsgeld”) was in place already before 2000 up to the year 2006. Another start-up scheme (“Existenzgründungszuschuss”) operated only from 2002 to 2006. Both were replaced by the scheme “Gründungszuschuss” in August 2006. Moreover, a forth scheme (“Einstiegsgeld”) for UB II recipients is available since 2005.
^bThis programme replaced short-term training and schemes for contracting out placement services (not displayed in the table).
Source: Datawarehouse of the Statistics Department of the German Federal Employment Agency.