From: The political economy of the disability insurance: theory and evidence of gubernatorial learning
 | N | Mean | Std. Dev. | Min | Max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Panel A: gubernatorial descriptive variables | |||||
First term governors | 895 | 0.607 | 0.489 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Second term governors | 895 | 0.306 | 0.461 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Third term or later governors | 895 | 0.087 | 0.282 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Governor is a democrat | 912 | 0.487 | 0.500 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Governor’s age | 912 | 53.50 | 7.90 | 34.00 | 78.00 |
Panel B: gubernatorial outcome variables | |||||
Incumbents lost re-election | 234 | 0.128 | 0.335 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Incumbents could not run for re-election | 905 | 0.239 | 0.427 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Incumbents eligible to run but did not | 839 | 0.175 | 0.380 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Percent of votes captured by winner | 250 | 56.88 | 7.69 | 35.40 | 82.40 |
Governors won with a margin of greater than 10 percentage points | 950 | 0.625 | 0.484 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Panel C: rules impacting gubernatorial influence/power | |||||
Governors has a line-item veto | 912 | 0.854 | 0.353 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Super-majority requirements for tax or expenditure increase | 900 | 0.183 | 0.387 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
State has a limitation on tax or expenditure increases | 900 | 0.453 | 0.498 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
State has a restrictive tax/expenditure limitations | 900 | 0.258 | 0.438 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Panel D: other political variables | |||||
One party received more than 60 percent of votes | 384 | 0.167 | 0.373 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Fraction of state senate members who are democrats | 891 | 0.573 | 0.176 | 0.114 | 1.000 |
Fraction of state house or assembly members who are democrats | 892 | 0.567 | 0.173 | 0.157 | 0.952 |
Fraction of state senate members who are women | 912 | 0.191 | 0.085 | 0.016 | 0.433 |
Fraction of state house or assembly members who are women | 912 | 0.142 | 0.093 | 0.000 | 0.469 |
Governor and legislative majority are of opposite parties | 912 | 0.475 | 0.500 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Governor and the president are of the same party | 950 | 0.382 | 0.486 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Governor and the president are of different parties | 950 | 0.618 | 0.486 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Governor is a republican and the president is a democrat | 909 | 0.226 | 0.418 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Percentage of expenditures that are deficit spending | 864 | 0.438 | 0.080 | 0.238 | 0.705 |