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Table 2 Summary statistics, manufacturing sector wage workers (2006 prices)

From: Trade liberalization, industry concentration and female workers: the case of Egypt

Variable

1998

2006

 

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Median real hourly wage

1.97

1.41

1.92

2.16

1.20

2.08

 Individual Characteristics (means)

      

  Age

33.96

31.92

33.77

33.37

27.95

32.69

  Married

0.61

0.45

0.60

0.66

0.31

0.61

  Children under 6

0.44

0.33

0.43

0.49

0.25

0.46

  Children 6 to 14

0.87

0.85

0.87

0.46

0.61

0.48

  Household size

5.99

5.33

5.93

4.94

5.19

4.97

  Work experience

17.68

12.47

17.18

16.47

8.93

15.54

 Education (share of workers)

      

  Illiterate

0.16

0.16

0.16

0.15

0.14

0.15

  Read and write

0.17

0.02

0.15

0.07

0.06

0.07

  Primary degree

0.17

0.20

0.17

0.14

0.10

0.13

  Preparatory degree

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.04

0.07

  General secondary degree

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

  Vocational secondary degree

0.28

0.35

0.29

0.38

0.45

0.39

  Post-secondary degree

0.05

0.07

0.05

0.06

0.04

0.06

  University degree and above

0.08

0.12

0.08

0.12

0.15

0.13

 Region of residence (share of workers)

      

  Greater Cairo

0.27

0.44

0.29

0.28

0.32

0.28

  Alexandria

0.12

0.16

0.13

0.13

0.23

0.14

  Rural upper Egypt

0.16

0.07

0.15

0.14

0.05

0.13

  Urban upper Egypt

0.05

0.03

0.04

0.04

0.02

0.04

  Rural lower Egypt

0.28

0.16

0.27

0.28

0.27

0.28

  Urban lower Egypt

0.12

0.15

0.12

0.13

0.11

0.13

 Sector (share of workers)

      

  Public and government

0.35

0.42

0.35

0.25

0.21

0.24

  Private

0.65

0.58

0.65

0.75

0.79

0.76

 Observations

      

  Number of observations

758

85

843

1120

157

1277

  % of workers

90.49

9.51

 

87.61

12.39

 
  1. Notes: Author’s calculations based on data in ELMS 1998 and ELMPS 2006.