Trade liberalization, industry concentration and female workers: the case of Egypt

Table 5 Oaxaca-blinder decomposition of the gender wage gaps for the manufacturing sector

	1998	2006	1998	2006
*Differential*
Prediction of male log wage	0.297***	0.792***	0.297***	0.792***
Prediction of male log wage	(0.028)	(0.027)	(0.030)	(0.028)
Prediction of female log wage	0.138	0.391***	0.138	0.391***
Prediction of female log wage	(0.098)	(0.092)	(0.090)	(0.089)
Total male–female wage gap (in log points)	0.159	0.401***	0.159*	0.401***
Total male–female wage gap (in log points)	(0.102)	(0.095)	(0.094)	(0.093)
*Decomposition*
Explained	0.109*	0.181***	0.125*	0.209***
	(0.066)	(0.054)	(0.072)	(0.055)
Unexplained	0.050	0.219**	0.034	0.192**
	(0.083)	(0.093)	(0.068)	(0.089)
% Gap unexplained	31%	55%	21%	48%
Observations	577	950	577	950

Notes: Standard errors in parentheses. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1. These decompositions are calculated using the ‘Oaxaca’ command in Stata, developed by Ben Jann (2008). The decompositions in the first two columns are based on using coefficients from the male regressions as the reference; while those in the last two columns are based on using coefficients from a pooled regression over males and females in the sample, and including a group indicator as an additional variable, as recommended by Jann (2008).