Table 1 The use of sanctions in welfare agencies (number of agencies in brackets)
From: Intensifying the use of benefit sanctions: an effective tool to increase employment?
a) | Sanctions are part of the activation strategy and applied frequently | (32) |
b) | Sanctions are supported but are not part of the activation strategy | (41) |
c) | Sanctions are used to comply with legal requirements | (41) |
d) | Sanctions are regarded sceptically, but nevertheless are used | (21) |
e) | Sanctions have no special role (neither positively nor negatively) | (12) |
f) | Sanctions are rarely used | (5) |
g) | Sanctions are used for general monitoring purposes, but are not regarded as useful in single cases | (2) |