Table 7 Estimates of minimum wage effects on employment by educational attainment
Dependent variable: log (Employment/Population) | High school or below | Vocational school | Junior college | College or above | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent variables (log) | (1) | (2) | (1) | (2) | (1) | (2) | (1) | (2) |
A. All Regions | ||||||||
MW, current year | –.080** | –.054** | –.037 | –.046* | –.018 | –.023 | –.006 | –.013 |
(.040) | (.025) | (.025) | (.025) | (.020) | (.020) | (.013) | (.014) | |
MW, lagged 1 year | –.019 | –.029 | –.040** | –.047** | –.002 | –.016 | –.005 | –.019 |
(.020) | (.018) | (.020) | (.020) | (.021) | (.021) | (.015) | (.015) | |
MW, sum current and lagged | –.099*** | –.083*** | –.077*** | –.092*** | –.020 | –.039 | –.011 | –.032 |
(.030) | (.029) | (.027) | (.027) | (.018) | (.024) | (.015) | (.021) | |
MW (level) effects on wages | .541*** | .326*** | .560*** | .391*** | .056 | .053 | .157* | .187 |
(.056) | (.066) | (.072) | (.078) | (.084) | (.088) | (.095) | (.119) | |
Other controls | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
R 2 | .046 | .076 | .036 | .068 | .044 | .079 | .003 | .032 |
Number of counties per year | 659 | 659 | 636 | 636 | 653 | 653 | 632 | 632 |
Average obs. per county per year | 744 | 744 | 196 | 196 | 408 | 408 | 277 | 277 |
B. East | ||||||||
MW, current year | –.070* | –.061 | –.049 | –.054 | –.048 | –.064 | –.031 | –.032 |
(.038) | (.041) | (.046) | (.047) | (.037) | (.040) | (.020) | (.020) | |
MW, lagged 1 year | –.025 | –.017 | –.003 | –.006 | .028 | .018 | –.039 | –.039 |
(.023) | (.024) | (.028) | (.030) | (.027) | (.028) | (.027) | (.027) | |
MW, sum current and lagged | –.095*** | –.079* | –.052 | –.060 | .020 | –.046 | –.069 | –.072 |
(.036) | (.043) | (.054) | (.054) | (.021) | (.035) | (.045) | (.058) | |
MW (level) effects on wages | .720*** | .300*** | .619*** | .419*** | .044 | .005 | .335 | .346 |
(.087) | (.110) | (.110) | (.143) | (.186) | (.182) | (.258) | (.254) | |
Other controls | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
R 2 | .056 | .062 | .028 | .036 | .053 | .091 | .011 | .032 |
Number of counties per year | 289 | 289 | 281 | 281 | 286 | 286 | 284 | 284 |
Average obs. per county per year | 819 | 819 | 224 | 224 | 476 | 476 | 355 | 355 |
C. Central | ||||||||
MW, current year | –.071** | –.077** | –.048 | –.051 | .012 | .007 | .074 | .077 |
(.034) | (.035) | (.037) | (.037) | (.023) | (.023) | (.056) | (.057) | |
MW, lagged 1 year | –.052** | –.047* | –.083*** | –.090*** | –.030 | –.033 | .080 | .079 |
(.025) | (.025) | (.032) | (.033) | (.033) | (.034) | (.038) | (.038) | |
MW, sum current and lagged | –.123*** | –.124*** | –.131*** | –.141*** | –.018 | –.026 | .155 | .157 |
(.043) | (.043) | (.040) | (.040) | (.034) | (.035) | (.107) | (.109) | |
MW (level) effects on wages | .391*** | .326*** | .434*** | .409*** | .024 | .070 | .016 | .051 |
(.084) | (.091) | (.107) | (.107) | (.105) | (.118) | (.130) | (.143) | |
Other controls | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
R 2 | .083 | .111 | .073 | .094 | .045 | .082 | .045 | .046 |
Number of counties per year | 277 | 277 | 263 | 263 | 274 | 274 | 259 | 259 |
Average obs. per county per year | 650 | 650 | 170 | 170 | 341 | 341 | 197 | 197 |
D. West | ||||||||
MW, current year | –.184 | –.030 | –.019 | .012 | –.068 | –.034 | .033 | .112 |
(.163) | (.092) | (.073) | (.086) | (.062) | (.060) | (.084) | (.103) | |
MW, lagged 1 year | .154 | –.037 | –.046 | –.031 | .020 | –.021 | –.020 | –.054 |
(.120) | (.092) | (.090) | (.089) | (.078) | (.072) | (.070) | (.062) | |
MW, sum current and lagged | –.031 | –.068 | –.065 | –.019 | –.048 | –.055 | .013 | .058 |
(.120) | (.092) | (.104) | (.111) | (.081) | (.097) | (.106) | (.138) | |
MW (level) effects on wages | .365 | .060 | .436 | .605 | .424 | .232 | .498 | .343 |
(.348) | (.461) | (.398) | (.607) | (.294) | (.411) | (.386) | (.451) | |
Other controls | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
R 2 | .013 | .059 | .028 | .052 | .017 | .099 | .019 | .080 |
Number of counties per year | 93 | 93 | 92 | 92 | 93 | 93 | 89 | 89 |
Average obs. per county per year | 791 | 791 | 183 | 183 | 394 | 394 | 258 | 258 |