Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 3-year survey respondents
Characteristic (%) | Program group | Control group | Full sample | Significant difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | 87.6 | 88.7 | 88.0 | |
Average age (years) | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | |
Race/ethnicity | ||||
Hispanic | 19.1 | 16.6 | 18.1 | |
White | 42.6 | 42.0 | 42.3 | |
Black | 32.4 | 36.0 | 33.8 | |
Other | 5.9 | 5.4 | 5.7 | |
Lives with | ||||
Both biological parents | 26.0 | 23.5 | 25.0 | |
Mother only | 33.7 | 37.6 | 35.2 | |
Father only | 5.4 | 8.2 | 6.5 | |
One parent and a stepparent | 22.2 | 21.7 | 22.0 | |
No parental figures | 11.4 | 7.9 | 10.0 | |
Other combination | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.2 | |
Anyone in household receives public assistance | 24.2 | 29.6 | 26.4 | ** |
Highest grade completed | ** | |||
8th grade or lower | 12.5 | 17.6 | 14.5 | |
9th grade | 31.0 | 28.3 | 29.9 | |
10th grade | 36.6 | 39.9 | 37.9 | |
11th grade | 19.0 | 14.0 | 17.0 | |
12th grade | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.7 | |
Usual grades received in school | ||||
Mostly As and Bs | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.8 | |
Mostly Bs and Cs | 18.9 | 16.3 | 17.8 | |
Mostly Cs and Ds | 42.7 | 40.0 | 41.6 | |
Mostly Ds and Fs | 46.9 | 46.8 | 46.9 | |
Ever suspended from school | 83.7 | 80.9 | 82.6 | |
Ever convicted | 20.2 | 14.7 | 18.0 | ** |
Who first suggested you should apply for ChalleNGe? | ||||
Yourself | 24.5 | 22.8 | 23.8 | |
A relative | 47.4 | 49.1 | 48.1 | |
A school official | 17.1 | 16.3 | 16.8 | |
The justice system | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.5 | |
Overweight (BMI 25–29) | 20.7 | 19.8 | 20.3 | |
Ever drink alcohol or use drugs | 39.7 | 34.3 | 37.5 | * |
Sample size | 722 | 451 | 1173 |