Table 1 Summary statistics for selected variables by wives’ employment status

 Wife: weekday

88.08

16.03

86.39

16.47

72.00

24.89

 Wife: weekend

75.79

19.85

76.93

19.19

67.78

22.39

 Husband: weekday

8.453

13.01

8.776

12.80

21.02

21.75

 Husband: weekend

20.45

18.06

18.30

17.52

27.16

21.64

 Other family members: weekday

3.464

9.520

4.818

11.22

6.840

16.84

 Other family members: weekend

3.758

9.628

4.767

10.12

5.011

12.31

Wife’s age

38.39

6.699

40.93

6.251

38.48

7.332

 Less than high school

0.024

0.152

0.019

0.138

0.015

0.122

 High school

0.305

0.461

0.364

0.481

0.281

0.450

 Junior college

0.365

0.481

0.406

0.491

0.351

0.477

 College

0.307

0.461

0.211

0.408

0.353

0.478

Wife’s log of labor income

0.000

0.000

4.298

0.965

5.476

0.836

Husband’s age

39.86

7.040

42.70

6.836

40.22

7.945

 Less than high school

0.025

0.156

0.042

0.202

0.039

0.194

 High school

0.246

0.431

0.351

0.477

0.273

0.446

 Junior college

0.128

0.334

0.170

0.376

0.177

0.382

 College

0.601

0.490

0.436

0.496

0.510

0.500

Husband not working

0.012

0.109

0.011

0.102

0.025

0.157

Husband works ≥60 h per week

0.257

0.437

0.218

0.413

0.222

0.416

Husband’s log of labor income

6.191

0.844

6.128

0.858

5.867

1.179

Length of marriage

11.32

6.946

15.02

6.489

11.73

8.208

 Preschool children

0.690

0.814

0.296

0.591

0.315

0.602

 Elementary school children

0.444

0.695

0.542

0.741

0.312

0.612

 Junior/high school children

0.332

0.635

0.655

0.793

0.429

0.719

 Children older than 19

0.123

0.388

0.250

0.527

0.212

0.505

N