Table 1 Changes in bargaining coverage and union density, 1995–2010, and in density since peak

From: Collective bargaining systems and macroeconomic and microeconomic flexibility: the quest for appropriate institutional forms in advanced economies

	Bargaining coverage (%)				Union density (%)
	1995	2010	2013	Change	1995	2010	2013	Change	Change from peak
Austria	98.3	99.0	98.0	0.7	41.1	28.4	27.4	−12.7	−56.8 (1960)
Belgium	96.0	96.0	99.0	0.0	55.7	50.6	55.4	−5.1	−9.2 (1995)
Germany	76.0	61.1	57.6	−15.0	29.2	18.6	17.7	−10.7	−48.3 (1991)
The Netherlands	82.3	84.3	84.8	2.0	25.7	18.6	17.6	−7.0	−50.8 (1960)
Switzerland	41.7	49.1	48.6	7.3	22.7	17.2	16.2	−5.5	−52.4 (1960)
Finland	85.0	89.5	93.0	4.5	80.4	70.0	68.6	−10.5	−13.3 (1993)
Sweden	94.0	91.0	89.0	−3.0	83.1	68.4	67.7	−14.7	−21.2 (1994)
Norway	72.0	74.0	66.9	2.0	57.3	54.8	63.5	−2.5	−9.9 (1961)
Denmark	84.0	85.0	84.0	1.0	77.0	68.5	66.8	−8.4	−24.8 (1987)
Italy	85.0	85.0	80.0	0.0	38.1	35.5	36.9	−2.6	−29.7 (1976)
Spain	80.0	73.2	79.1	−6.8	16.3	15.6	17.5	−0.8	−16.6 (1980)
Portugal	94.0	80.0	67.0	−14.0	25.4	19.3	20.5	−6.0	−64.8 (1980)
Greece	65.0	65.0	40.0	0.0	31.3	25.4	21.3	−5.9	−34.9 (1980)
France	90.0	92.0	98.0	2.0	7.90	7.90	7.70	−0.9	−64.4 (1969)
Luxembourg	60.0	58.0	59.0	−2.0	43.5	37.0	32.8	−6.5	−20.9 (1970)
Australia	70.0	45.0	61.0	−25.0	32.1	18.0	17.0	−14.1	−64.1 (1976)
Ireland	40.0	42.2	32.4	2.2	48.1	33.5	29.6	−14.6	−42.8 (1978)
UK	36.0	30.8	29.5	−5.2	33.1	26.5	25.4	−6.6	−47.7 (1978)
Canada	36.7	31.6	29.0	−5.1	33.7	27.4	27.2	−6.3	−16.4 (1984)
Japan	21.5	16.0	19.6	−5.5	24.4	18.4	17.8	−6.0	−48.2 (1964)
New Zealand	43.3	17.0	15.0	−26.3	27.2	20.8	19.4	−6.4	−69.9 (1980)
USA	16.7	13.1	11.9	−3.6	14.3	11.4	10.8	−2.9	−63.1 (1960)

Sources: Visser (2013); Schnabel (2013); Pontusson (2013); OECD.Stat. Figures in italics indicate corresponding values for 2013. Peak year given in parentheses

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