Evaluating place-based job creation programs in Japan

Table 3 Incidence of the programs

Dependent variable	(1)		(2)		(3)
		Robust		Robust		Robust
	Coef.	Std. err.	Coef.	Std. err.	Coef.	Std. err.
Workers live in^a	0.062**	0.031	0.055*	0.030	0.045	0.027
Workers work in^b	0.062**	0.029	0.056**	0.028	0.046*	0.025
Workers in
Agriculture	0.119**	0.055	0.113**	0.053	0.112**	0.052
Wholesale, retail trade, and service	0.055*	0.029	0.050*	0.028	0.038	0.026
Manufacturing	0.061	0.047	0.042	0.046	0.032	0.045
Financial	0.002	0.035	0.005	0.040	0.007	0.042
Control variables
Manufacturing share (lag)	No		Yes		Yes
Trend in population density	No		Yes		Yes
Unemployment rate^c	No		No		Yes
Observations	742		742		742

Observations of workers in a financial sector is 733. Each entry gives the difference-in-differences estimate of the program on the outcome presented in each row. Dependent variables are logged numbers of workers. Standard errors are clustered by municipality. Data from Japan’s population census in 2000, 2005, and 2010
** and *indicate significance at the 5 and 10% level, respectively
^aWorkers who live in the treatment/control municipalities
^bWorkers who work in the treatment/control municipalities
^cIn the base year