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Table 2 Description of variables

From: The employability of ex-offenders: a field experiment in the Swedish labor market

Variables

Explanation

Outcome variable (y)

 Positive response

1 if an applicant received a promising response (interview invite or job offer) from an employer, 0 otherwise

Explanatory variables (x)

 Ex-offender

1 if the fictitious applicant was an ex-offender, 0 otherwise

 Female applicant

1 if the fictitious applicant was a woman, 0 otherwise

 Job fixed effects

1 if the job applied belonged to a particular occupation (one dummy for each occupation), 0 otherwise

 Female job

1 if the job belonged to a female dominated occupation, 0 otherwise

 Female HRM

1 if the human resource manager was a woman, 0 otherwise

 High-skill job

1 if the occupation required a university degree, 0 otherwise

 Urban

1 if the job placement was in Göteborg, Malmö, or Stockholm, 0 otherwise

Control variables (c)

 Full-time

1 if the job opening offered a full-time position, 0 otherwise

 Tenure

1 if the job opening offered a tenured position, 0 otherwise

 County fixed effects

1 if the job was located in a particular county (one dummy for each county), 0 otherwise

 Season fixed effects

1 if the job was applied to in a specific month (one dummy for each month), 0 otherwise

 Application template

1 if the first application package out of two matched ones was used, 0 otherwise

 Application order

1 if a fictitious applicant (out of two) applied first to an employer, 0 otherwise

  1. Notes: There were nine different occupations: accounting clerk, auto mechanic, cleaner, enrolled nurse, preschool teacher, restaurant worker, salesperson, software developer, and truck driver. Female-dominated occupations were accounting clerk, cleaner, enrolled nurse, preschool teacher, and restaurant worker. High-skill occupations were accounting clerk, preschool teacher, salesperson, and software developer. Sweden consists of 21 counties. The experiment was conducted from January to May