From: Enforcement of labor market regulations: heterogeneous compliance and adjustment across gender
Dependent variable | =1 if wage employee receives | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Social security benefits | Employment benefits | |||
IV | OLS | IV | OLS | |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
Men | ||||
 Log(enforcement measure) | 0.103 | 0.0103 | 0.0649 | 0.00578 |
[0.0343]*** | [0.00968] | [0.0254]** | [0.00707] | |
 Observations | 148,166 | 148,166 | 148,166 | 148,166 |
 R2 | 0.277 | 0.286 | 0.164 | 0.168 |
Women | ||||
 Log(enforcement measure) | −0.167 | −0.00486 | −0.138 | 0.00528 |
[0.0963]* | [0.0131] | [0.0784]* | [0.0108] | |
 Observations | 83,906 | 83,906 | 83,906 | 83,906 |
 R2 | 0.218 | 0.253 | 0.210 | 0.233 |
Included controls | ||||
 Individual characteristics | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Political business cycle variables | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Quality of institutions variable | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Development level variables | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Demand shocks variables | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Province fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Sector fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Year fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Province-time trends | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |