Enforcement of labor market regulations: heterogeneous compliance and adjustment across gender

Table 6 Enforcement of labor regulations and provision of non-mandated benefits

Dependent variable	=1 if wage employee receives
	Free meals	Housing	Products
	(1)	(2)	(3)
Men
Log(enforcement measure)	−0.00140	0.0328	−0.00295
Log(enforcement measure)	[0.0193]	[0.0237]	[0.00465]
Observations	148,166	148,166	148,166
R²	0.122	0.045	0.018
Women
Log(enforcement measure)	0.0178	0.00616	−0.000505
Log(enforcement measure)	[0.0298]	[0.00425]	[0.0101]
Observations	83,906	83,906	83,906
R²	0.141	0.010	0.027
Included controls
Individual characteristics	Yes	Yes	Yes
Political business cycle variables	Yes	Yes	Yes
Quality of institutions variable	Yes	Yes	Yes
Development level variables	Yes	Yes	Yes
Demand shocks variables	Yes	Yes	Yes
Province fixed effects	Yes	Yes	Yes
Sector fixed effects	Yes	Yes	Yes
Year fixed effects	Yes	Yes	Yes
Province-time trends	Yes	Yes	Yes

Source: Own elaboration. Notes: IV estimations. Standard errors clustered at the province-sector level in brackets. Control variables defined as in Table 2
Significant at ***1%, **5%, and *10%