Table 10 Share of workers paid less than the minimum (v1) using SES and INPS, by geographical area, sector and firm size
From: The dog that barks doesn’t bite: coverage and compliance of sectoral minimum wages in Italy
Geographical area | |||
INPS (annual, 2014) | SES (hourly, 2010) | ||
North West | 1.76 | North West | 6.99 |
North East | 1.64 | North East | 7.72 |
Center | 2.59 | Center | 7.33 |
South | 6.80 | South | 9.67 |
Islands | 5.09 | Islands | 8.58 |
Sector | |||
INPS (annual, 2014) | SES (hourly, 2010) | ||
A-B-C Agriculture and mining | 0.87 | – | – |
D-E Manufacturing, elec. & water supply | 3.01 | C-D-E Manufacturing, elec. & water supply | 6.15 |
F Construction | 1.73 | F Construction | 6.26 |
G Retail trade | 1.90 | G Retail trade | 2.73 |
H Hotel and restaurants | 4.15 | H Transport | 7.97 |
I Transports | 1.99 | I Hotels and restaurants | 8.18 |
J Fin. Intermediation | 4.39 | J Information and communication | 3.25 |
K Real estate | 1.94 | K Finance and insurance | 2.92 |
L-Q Education, health and others | 3.51 | L-N Real estate, professional & admin activities | 21.52 |
P Education | 6.65 | ||
Q Health | 7.91 | ||
R-U Arts, other activities, household and intl organisations | 13.18 | ||
Firm size | |||
INPS (annual, 2014) | SES (hourly, 2010) | ||
Less than 10 employees | 6.02 | – | – |
11–15 employees | 3.69 | 10–49 | 9.87 |
16–19 employees | 3.78 | ||
20–49 employees | 2.68 | ||
50–299 employees | 2.05 | 50–249 | 6.60 |
300 or more employees | 1.01 | 250+ | 7.20 |